For a vertically vibrating column filled with binary mixtures consisting of big copper beads and small glass beads, the phenomenon of periodic segregation (PS) is observed experimentally, in which distinct segregation patterns of Brazil nut effect (BNE), reversed Brazil nut (RBN) and sandwich (SW) are emerged successively under a certain vibration condition. The periodic time increases with increasing vibration frequency or decreasing acceleration, and the SW pattern holds 90% duration of a cycle. Since the three segregation patterns emerging sequentially in a cycle are all well defined, the energy dissipation power for each segregation pattern is measured under the same vibration condition. It is found that the dissipation power is the largest in RBN pattern and the smallest in BNE pattern during a cycle. Moreover, in the periodic segregation region the same patterns (BNE, RBN or SW) emerging at different vibration accelerations have almost the same dissipation power within the experimental error. Based on the viewpoint of competition between condensation and percolation from Hong, the periodic segregation phenomenon can be explained qualitatively by combining with our measurements of energy dissipation power.