张亚鹏; 郑宇杰; 汤婧雯; 施帅; 周艳丽; 刘伟涛

doi:10.7498/aps.74.20251237

摘要

本文研究具有集体耗散的里德伯原子系统中的非平衡相变. 结合平均场理论与刘维尔谱分析, 发现集体耗散可诱导原子间关联, 并引发一种新型双稳态: 系统或收敛于某不动点或保持自激周期性振荡, 区别于传统相互作用导致的双稳态. 结果表明刘维尔(Liouville)能谱方法在有限维系统中提取的非平衡相变特征与热力学极限下的平均场结果基本一致. 该研究不仅能解释里德伯原子实验中观测到的自激振荡现象, 还预言了新的相结构, 也验证了刘维尔能谱方法在量子多体研究中的有效性, 为探索耗散系统中的非平衡相变提供了理论框架.

关键词:

Abstract

This work investigates nonequilibrium phase transitions in a Rydberg atomic system under collective dissipation. By combining mean-field theory and Liouvillian spectral analysis, we reveal novel nonequilibrium phases induced by collective dissipation and compare the results from both approaches. Our findings indicate that collective dissipation not only generates interatomic correlations but also sustains persistent periodic oscillations and a unique bistable form, in which the system may evolve to a steady state or sustain self-consistent oscillatory dynamics. This study highlights the rich nonequilibrium phenomena present in quantum many-body systems and provides an extensible spectral framework for exploring dissipative phases in Rydberg and related systems.Recent experiments have reported persistent oscillations in thermal Rydberg atomic ensembles, yet the theoretical consensus on their origin remains elusive. Motivated by these observations, we introduce a collective dissipation mechanism and employ both mean-field approximations and the Liouvillian spectrum method to systematically explore nonequilibrium phase transitions. Our results show that the collective dissipation effectively induces interatomic correlations and sustains persistent periodic oscillations, in which under the same parameters, independent dissipation leads the system to relax to a stationary state. Furthermore, the nonlinear effects arising from collective dissipation give rise to a novel type of bistability, in which the system can converge to a fixed point or maintain self-consistent periodic oscillations. This mechanism is clearly different from the traditional bistability induced by Rydberg interactions, which involves two steady states. Moreover, the Liouvillian spectral method, based on the quantum master equation, successfully captures the features of nonequilibrium phase transitions even in finite-dimensional systems, and the results accord well with those obtained from mean-field approximation in the thermodynamic limit.Our work not only provides a theoretical explanation for recently observed oscillatory phenomena but also predicts novel bistable states and rich nonequilibrium phase structures. It further verifies the effectiveness of the Liouvillian spectroscopic method in studying quantum many-body systems, making significant contributions to understanding the microscopic mechanisms underlying nonequilibrium phase transitions.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

通信作者: 周艳丽, ylzhou@nudt.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 12574553, 62275270)、湖南省自然科学基金(批准号: 2023JJ30626)、湖南省科技创新项目(批准号: 2025ZYJ001)和国防科技大学基石基金(批准号: JS24-01)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: ZHOU Yanli, ylzhou@nudt.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12574553, 62275270), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China (Grant No. 2023JJ30626), the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province, China (Grant No. 2025ZYJ001), and the Cornerstone Foundation of National University of Defense Technology, China (Grant No. JS24-01).

文章全文

参考文献

[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
[18]
[19]
[20]
[21]
[22]
[23]
[24]
[25]
[26]
[27]
[28]
[29]
[30]
[31]
[32]
[33]
[34]
[35]
[36]
[37]
[38]
[39]
[40]
[41]
[42]
[43]
[44]
[45]
[46]
[47]
[48]
[49]
[50]
[51]
[52]
[53]
[54]
[55]

施引文献

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

map

[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
[18]
[19]
[20]
[21]
[22]
[23]
[24]
[25]
[26]
[27]
[28]
[29]
[30]
[31]
[32]
[33]
[34]
[35]
[36]
[37]
[38]
[39]
[40]
[41]
[42]
[43]
[44]
[45]
[46]
[47]
[48]
[49]
[50]
[51]
[52]
[53]
[54]
[55]

[1]	肖冬萍, 陈苓, 阎晟, 王浩, 许显立, 潘峰, 温东阳, 张淮清. 交/直流电场对里德伯原子Stark效应的调控作用及工频强场测量. 必威体育下载 , 2025, 74(24): 243201. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20250677
[2]	李芳. 基于室温里德伯原子四波混频的微波-光波转换特性. 必威体育下载 , 2025, 74(16): 164209. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20250706
[3]	蔡婷, 何军, 刘智慧, 刘瑶, 苏楠, 史鹏飞, 靳刚, 成永杰, 王军民. 基于纳秒光脉冲激发的里德伯原子光谱. 必威体育下载 , 2025, 74(1): 013201. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20240900
[4]	丁超, 胡珊珊, 邓松, 宋宏天, 张英, 王保帅, 阎晟, 肖冬萍, 张淮清. 基于里德伯原子电场量子测量方法及激光偏振影响分析. 必威体育下载 , 2025, 74(4): 043201. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20241362
[5]	张学超, 乔佳慧, 刘瑶, 苏楠, 刘智慧, 蔡婷, 何军, 赵延霆, 王军民. 基于里德伯原子天线的低频电场波形测量. 必威体育下载 , 2024, 73(7): 070201. doi: 10.7498/aps.73.20231778
[6]	刘智慧, 刘逍娜, 何军, 刘瑶, 苏楠, 蔡婷, 杜艺杰, 王杰英, 裴栋梁, 王军民. 里德伯原子幻零波长. 必威体育下载 , 2024, 73(13): 130701. doi: 10.7498/aps.73.20240397
[7]	王鑫, 任飞帆, 韩嵩, 韩海燕, 严冬. 里德伯原子辅助光力系统的完美光力诱导透明及慢光效应. 必威体育下载 , 2023, 72(9): 094203. doi: 10.7498/aps.72.20222264
[8]	刘瑶, 何军, 苏楠, 蔡婷, 刘智慧, 刁文婷, 王军民. 用于铯原子里德伯态激发的509 nm波长脉冲激光系统. 必威体育下载 , 2023, 72(6): 060303. doi: 10.7498/aps.72.20222286
[9]	王勤霞, 王志辉, 刘岩鑫, 管世军, 何军, 张鹏飞, 李刚, 张天才. 腔增强热里德伯原子光谱. 必威体育下载 , 2023, 72(8): 087801. doi: 10.7498/aps.72.20230039
[10]	白健男, 韩嵩, 陈建弟, 韩海燕, 严冬. 超级里德伯原子间的稳态关联集体激发与量子纠缠. 必威体育下载 , 2023, 72(12): 124202. doi: 10.7498/aps.72.20222030
[11]	高洁, 杭超. 里德伯原子中非厄米电磁诱导光栅引起的弱光孤子偏折及其操控. 必威体育下载 , 2022, 71(13): 133202. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20220456
[12]	吴逢川, 林沂, 武博, 付云起. 里德伯原子的射频脉冲响应特性. 必威体育下载 , 2022, 71(20): 207402. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20220972
[13]	赵嘉栋, 张好, 杨文广, 赵婧华, 景明勇, 张临杰. 基于里德伯原子电磁诱导透明效应的光脉冲减速. 必威体育下载 , 2021, 70(10): 103201. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20210102
[14]	高小苹, 梁景睿, 刘堂昆, 李宏, 刘继兵. 巨梯型四能级里德伯原子系统透射光谱性质的调控. 必威体育下载 , 2021, 70(11): 113201. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20202077
[15]	严冬, 王彬彬, 白文杰, 刘兵, 杜秀国, 任春年. 里德伯电磁感应透明中的相位. 必威体育下载 , 2019, 68(8): 084203. doi: 10.7498/aps.68.20181938
[16]	刘瑞芬, 惠治鑫, 熊科诏, 曾春华. 表面催化反应模型中关联噪声诱导非平衡相变. 必威体育下载 , 2018, 67(16): 160501. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180250
[17]	张秦榕, 王彬彬, 张孟龙, 严冬. 稀薄里德伯原子气体中的两体纠缠. 必威体育下载 , 2018, 67(3): 034202. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20172052
[18]	申雅君, 郭永峰, 袭蓓. 关联高斯与非高斯噪声激励的FHN神经元系统的稳态分析. 必威体育下载 , 2016, 65(12): 120501. doi: 10.7498/aps.65.120501
[19]	赵建明, 张临杰, 李昌勇, 贾锁堂. 里德伯原子向超冷等离子体的自发转化. 必威体育下载 , 2008, 57(5): 2895-2898. doi: 10.7498/aps.57.2895
[20]	闫桂沈, 李贺军, 郝志彪. 热解碳化学气相沉积中的多重定态和非平衡相变的研究. 必威体育下载 , 2002, 51(2): 326-331. doi: 10.7498/aps.51.326

计量

文章访问数: 926
PDF下载量: 54
被引次数: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

搜索

留言板

Nonequilibrium phase transitions of Rydberg atom gases under collective dissipation

摘要

Abstract

作者及机构信息

通信作者: 周艳丽, ylzhou@nudt.edu.cn

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: ZHOU Yanli, ylzhou@nudt.edu.cn

文章全文

参考文献

施引文献

目录

计量

作者中心

必威betway88欢迎你

关于期刊

关于我们

搜索

留言板

Nonequilibrium phase transitions of Rydberg atom gases under collective dissipation

摘要

Abstract

作者及机构信息

通信作者: 周艳丽, ylzhou@nudt.edu.cn

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: ZHOU Yanli, ylzhou@nudt.edu.cn

文章全文

参考文献

施引文献

目录

计量

出版历程

作者中心

必威betway88欢迎你

关于期刊

关于我们