搜索

x
中国物理学会期刊

四波混频中反宇称-时间对称性体系的放大机制与调控规律

Amplification Mechanism and Control of Anti-Parity-Time Symmetric Systems in Four-Wave Mixing

PDF
导出引用
  • 非厄米光学结合对称性调控为光场放大机制的设计提供了新的途径。传统宇称–时间(parity–time, PT)对称体系依赖增益与耗散的精确平衡,实际实现中存在一定困难。本文基于含耗散的四波混频(four-wave mixing, FWM)模型构建了由信号波与闲频波非对称耗散实现的反PT 对称结构,并研究耗散分布对能量流与放大行为的调控作用。理论和数值结果表明,在反PT 对称相区域内体系呈现稳定的能量交换与放大;当耗散不对称性增大至临界区间时,本征谱从对称相转变为破缺相,在总耗散固定且适中的条件下,耗散在极端不对称性情况下可使体系转入全域放大态。在此基础上,引入双泵浦调制以考察泵浦分布与相位失配的协同影响。结果显示,均衡双泵浦可拓展反 PT 对称相的放大区域,而相位失配会抑制该区域并提高放大阈值。本文揭示了反 PT 对称放大中“泵浦平衡—相位失配”的竞争机制,为无增益条件下实现可调控、宽带且高稳定性的非厄米光学放大提供了理论依据与设计参考。

    Non-Hermitian optics combined with symmetry control offers new pathways for designing optical amplification mechanisms. Conventional parity-time (PT) symmetric systems require a precise balance between gain and loss, which is experimentally challenging to achieve. In this work, we propose a four-wave mixing (FWM) model in which the interaction between the signal and idler waves enables the realization of anti-PT symmetry, while asymmetric loss plays a crucial role in regulating energy flow and amplification. Theoretical and numerical analyses demonstrate that, in an anti-PT symmetric system, when \left| \beta^N \right| < \left| \beta_c^N \right|, the system remains in the anti-PT symmetric phase, with eigenvalues forming complex-conjugate pairs, indicating stable energy exchange and amplification. When \left| \beta^N \right| > \left| \beta_c^N \right|, the system undergoes anti-PT symmetry breaking: the real parts of the eigenvalues split, while the imaginary parts coalesce and become negative, leading to overall energy decay. Further analysis reveals that dissipation asymmetry or coupling imbalance explicitly breaks the anti-PT symmetry, causing the amplification process to be dominated by a single channel. In this regime, energy preferentially flows toward the side with lower dissipation or stronger coupling, resulting in a significant broadening of the amplification bandwidth. When the total dissipation is maintained at a moderate level, extreme dissipation asymmetry can even drive the system into a global amplification regime. Building on this framework, we introduce dual-pump modulation to investigate the cooperative effects of pump distribution and phase mismatch on anti-PT symmetry. The results indicate that an appropriate combination of pump intensity and phase mismatch substantially expands the anti-PT symmetric amplification region, thereby enhancing amplification performance, whereas large phase mismatch suppresses amplification and shifts the threshold to higher pump powers. Moreover, under symmetric pumping conditions, the product of pump intensities \left| E_p1^N E_p2^N \right| is maximized, yielding the strongest cooperative amplification. In contrast, severe pump imbalance markedly reduces the amplification efficiency, underscoring the critical role of proper pump power distribution in optimizing the performance of non-Hermitian FWM amplification. Overall, this study provides theoretical guidance for achieving stable and tunable amplification in non-Hermitian optical systems.

    目录

    返回文章
    返回
    Baidu
    map