One-dimensional (1D) transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) have emerged as a unique frontier for exploring low-dimensional quantum phenomena and developing next-generation nanoscale devices. Among them, the M₆Q₆ family of nanowires is of particular interest due to its potential to host exotic states such as charge density waves and superconductivity. However, systematic theoretical understanding of the superconducting properties across the M₆Q₆ family remains limited. In this work, we perform a comprehensive first-principles investigation into the electronic structure, lattice dynamics, and electron-phonon coupling (EPC) of 1D M₆Q₆ (M = Mo, W; Q = S, Se, Te) nanowires to elucidate their physical properties and superconducting potential. Structural optimization reveals that the 1D nanowires are constructed from face-sharing M₆ octahedral clusters encapsulated by chalcogen atoms, forming a rigid linear backbone. Our electronic structure analysis demonstrates a strong compositional dependence on the electronic ground state. The lighter chalcogenides (Q = S, Se) exhibit robust metallic behavior characterized by a high density of states (DOS) at the Fermi level (EF), ranging from 7.12 to 12.6 states/eV. A distinctive feature of these metallic wires is the presence of a "flat-steep" band dispersion near EF, originating from the hybridization of transition metal d-orbitals (specifically d_z2 and d_zx,zy) and chalcogen p-orbitals. In contrast, the Te-based nanowires (Mo₆Te₆ and W₆Te₆) are identified as semiconductors with narrow indirect band gaps of 0.32 eV and 0.05 eV, respectively, driven by the distinct orbital interactions of the heavier chalcogen. Phonon dispersion calculations confirm that all metallic nanowires are dynamically stable, showing no imaginary frequencies. Notably, the S-based nanowires exhibit a pronounced Kohn anomaly in the low-frequency optical branches (10-20 meV), indicating significant phonon softening induced by strong electron-phonon interactions. The EPC analysis reveals that superconductivity in these systems is primarily driven by low-energy vibrational modes associated with the transition metal atoms. Specifically, for the Mo₆S₆ nanowire, which shows the strongest coupling (λ = 0.56), approximately 75.4% of the total EPC contribution arises from Mo vibrations below 24.0 meV. Based on the calculated EPC parameters, we predict intrinsic superconductivity in all metallic M₆Q₆ nanowires, with T_c values ranging from 0.1 K to 3.6 K. The Mo₆S₆ nanowire stands out with the highest T_c of 3.6 K, attributed to the synergistic effect of the “flat-steep” band structure and the phonon softening associated with the Kohn anomaly. The heavier Se-based wires exhibit weaker coupling and consequently lower T_c values. These findings establish the 1D M₆Q₆ nanowires as a structurally stable and electronically tunable platform, offering significant promise for the engineering of high-performance low-dimensional superconducting devices.