搜索

x
中国物理学会期刊

固体介质Kelvin–Helmholtz不稳定性的速度与密度梯度效应

Velocity and Density Gradient Effects of Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability in Solid Media

PDF
导出引用
  • 固体介质Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性是惯性约束聚变、高能量密度物理等领域中的重要现象本文通过发展速度梯度作用下包含密度梯度的理想流体与弹性理想塑性固体界面理论模型,结合无量纲量(速度和密度梯度特征参量α = 1/(1+kLu)和β = 1/(1+kLu),LuLρ为速度、密度梯度厚度等),推导获得了描述扰动发展特征的弹塑性转换、不稳定性边界、振幅演化的解析公式,给出了速度与密度梯度对扰动发展的影响规律速度梯度特征参量α减小,对界面扰动发展具有致稳作用,使振幅由持续的增长,转变为强度抑制后的小幅振荡密度梯度对扰动发展的影响与Atwood数(At)有关:At > 0时,β减小使界面更易失稳;At < 0时,β减小具有致稳作用当速度梯度与密度梯度同时存在时,对于At > 0,αβ对界面扰动发展的影响存在竞争关系,其净效应与T = β / α的大小相关:T较大时,净效应表现为使界面失稳,T较小时表现为使界面稳定.

    Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) in solid media plays an important role in fields such as inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and high-energy-density physics (HEDP). While KHI in fluids has been extensively investigated, its manifestation in solids remains far less understood. Recent theoretical studies have begun to address KHI at interfaces between an ideal fluid and an elastic–perfectly plastic solid; however, these models are generally restricted to idealized interfaces with discontinuous jumps in velocity and density. In many realistic scenarios, including inclined shock loading of solid interfaces, high-velocity impact welding, and ICF target compression, velocity and density instead vary continuously and asymmetrically across finite interfacial layers. To address this limitation, we develop a theoretical model for KHI at an interface between an ideal fluid and an elastic–perfectly plastic solid that explicitly incorporates continuous velocity and density gradients. We consider an ideal fluid flowing past a metal surface perturbed by a small-amplitude sinusoidal disturbance with wavelength λ (wavenumber k = 2π/λ) and amplitude ξ0. The perturbed interface separates a solid, characterized by shear modulus Gs, yield strength Ys, and far-field density ρs,0, from a fluid with far-field density ρf,0. Both velocity and density vary continuously across characteristic thicknesses Lu and Lρ. The perturbation flow is assumed irrotational and described using velocity potentials, while the elastic–plastic response of the solid is incorporated through interfacial normal–stress conditions. By introducing dimensionless parameters—the velocity and density gradient parameters α = 1/(1+kLu) and β = 1/(1+kLρ), the normalized wavenumber \hat\lambda=2 \pi \xi_0 / \lambda and the normalized strength \hatY=\rho_s, 0 U_f, 0^2 / Y_s—we derive analytical expressions for the elastic–plastic transition (EP), the instability boundary (IB), and the temporal evolution of the perturbation amplitude. A decrease in the velocity gradient parameter α stabilizes the interface, converting sustained growth of the perturbation into small-amplitude oscillations after strength suppression. In the (\hat\lambda, \hatY) parameter space, this stabilization manifests as an expansion of the stable region, with both the EP and IB curves shifting away from the coordinate axes. The effect of the density gradient depends on the Atwood number At. For At > 0, a decrease in β destabilizes the interface, shifting EP and IB curves toward the axes and shrinking the stable region; for At < 0, a decrease in β instead promotes stability. When both velocity and density gradients are present and At > 0, their competing effects are governed by the ratio T = β / α: for sufficiently large T, the net effect is destabilizing, whereas for sufficiently small T, the net effect is stabilized.

    目录

    返回文章
    返回
    Baidu
    map