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中国物理学会期刊

基于霍夫变换的STCF主漂移室实时径迹识别与数据压缩算法

CSTR:32037.14.aps.75.20260130

Real-time track identification and data compression algorithms for the STCF main drift chamber based on the Hough transform

CSTR:32037.14.aps.75.20260130
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  • 超级陶粲装置(STCF)是拟建的一台高亮度、对称结构的正负电子对撞机. 为应对STCF实验面对的更高亮度和事例率所带来的实时数据处理性能瓶颈, 本研究提出了一种基于霍夫变换的针对低横动量粒子的快速径迹识别方法. 本研究在传统共形-霍夫变换框架基础上, 通过矩阵化建模实现参数空间投票过程的向量化与并行化; 此外, 针对霍夫累加器高度稀疏的统计特性, 引入基于稀疏映射结构的参数空间表示方式, 消除了冗余计算与无效访存开销. 实验结果表明, 该算法在保持高信号留存率的同时, 显著地提升了计算吞吐量并大幅降低了内存资源占用, 为STCF高阶触发(HLT)系统在实时环境下高效筛选低横动量物理信号提供了关键的算法支撑与可行性验证.

    The proposed super tau-charm facility (STCF) is a next-generation electron-positron collider designed for high-precision studies in the tau-charm energy region. However, its unprecedented luminosity and event rates impose severe demands on real-time data processing, particularly in the high-level trigger (HLT) system, which requires rapid and accurate track reconstruction.
    In this work, we present a fast track identification algorithm tailored for low-transverse-momentum particles, based on an optimized conformal-Hough transform framework. Building upon the classical Hough voting scheme, the proposed method reformulates the parameter-space accumulation process through a matrix-based representation, enabling vectorization and significantly improving computational throughput. Furthermore, considering the sparsity observed in the Hough accumulator under realistic STCF detector occupancies, a sparse-mapping representation is introduced to minimize redundant memory accesses and reduce storage overhead.
    Performance studies are conducted within the STCF offline reconstruction and simulation environment with representative physics channels. Results show that the proposed algorithm maintains high signal retention efficiency and significantly improves in processing speed over conventional implementations. In particular, the combined matrix-based and sparsity-aware optimizations result in a significant increase in computational throughput and a pronounced reduction in memory resource consumption, thereby meeting the stringent latency constraints of the STCF HLT system.
    These results demonstrate that the proposed approach provides a viable and scalable solution for real-time track finding at STCF. More broadly, this work illustrates how algorithmic reformulation and data-structure optimization, guided by detector-specific statistical characteristics, can effectively bridge the gap between tracking performance and real-time processing requirements in next-generation high-luminosity collider experiments.

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