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随着高压实验设备与技术的不断发展，压力作为对物质状态调控的独立变量在凝聚态物理研究中得到了越来越广泛的应用.高压研究对发现新材料、新现象、新规律及对其形成机理的理解和对相关理论的验证起到了不可替代的重要作用，近年来在对铁基超导体超导电性的高压研究中取得的诸多重要研究进展充分说明了这一点.本文简要介绍了在压力下铁砷基超导体中呈现出的一些有趣的物理现象及其所反映出的物理内涵，例如，压力下对1111体系超导电性的研究在指导常压下用小离子半径元素替代获得最高超导转变温度的铁砷基超导体和推测铁砷基超导体超导转变温度上限等方面起到了重要作用；压力可抑制122体系母相的磁有序进而诱发超导电性，并揭示出Eu-122体系中Eu离子插层的磁有序与FeAs层超导电性的关系；在新型铁砷基超导体Ca0.73La0.27FeAs2中发现的压致双临界点现象等.希望本文能对读者了解铁砷基超导体的高压研究进展情况有所帮助.As one of the independent control parameters, pressure plays an important role in finding new phenomena, testing related theories and guiding the explorations for new superconductors. In this review article, we will briefly review the progress achieved from high pressure studies on some main types of the iron pnictide superconductors, including 1111-type, 122-type, 111-type, 10-3-8 type and 112-type. A few typical results from high pressure studies are introduced in more detail, including the positive pressure effect on the superconducting transition temperature TC of 1111-type iron pnictide superconductors, which indicates a way to enhance the TC by using a smaller cation to replay La ion; the maximum TC of iron pnictide superconductors estimated by high-pressure studies on a series of 1111-type iron-based superconductors etc. More importantly, high pressure studies on the parent compounds of iron pnictide superconductors clearly demonstrate that pressure can suppress the transition temperatures of magnetic order and crystal structure, and then drive a superconducting transition. Furthermore, many examples are given in this review to reveal how the magnetic order competes with superconductivity under pressure, which provides new constrains for the establishment of the theory on superconductivity. These high pressure results are expected to be helpful for the studies of high-TC superconductors and for the exploring of new superconductors.
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