Based on the theoretical analysis of the static pressure distribution of fiber cable layer in an optical fiber cable spool, we establish a theoretical model of the force in the cable winding system. Simulations indicate that with the increase of the twining layers, the pressure of every layer in the spool increases very quickly at the beginning and mildly then. The static pressure of fiber cable layers in the spool on cable winding device is sensed by use of distributed fiber Bragg gratings (FBG). The quantitative relationship between the variation of FBG center wavelength and the system pressure is given theoretically. It is shown experimentally that with the increase of the twining layers, the variation pace of FBG center wavelength in every layer is very quick at the beginning and gentle then. Theoretical simulations coincide with experimental results very well. This technology provides us a real-time method to monitor the pressure of the fiber cable layer in the cable winding process.