SUN Xin; GUO Junjie; CHEN Yujie; CHENG Jin; LIU Ao; LIU Wenbo; YIN Peng; CHEN Lanjian; WU Tianyi; DONG Chen

doi:10.7498/aps.74.20241682

Abstract

Continuous variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) has emerged as a promising candidate for quantum-secure communication due to its experimentally demonstrated high key rates in fiber-optic channels. However, the feasibility of discrete modulation CV-QKD in satellite-to-ground downlinks remains an open question due to practical challenges such as high transmission loss, limited communication windows, and atmospheric turbulence. In this work, a comprehensive framework is proposed to evaluate the feasibility of discrete modulation CV-QKD by integrating orbital dynamics and atmospheric channel models, and to comprehensively analyze the influence of the parameter space on free-space discrete modulation CV-QKD. To achieve this, a free-space CV-QKD simulation platform is employed, which calculates the elevation angle and transmission distance based on precise orbital models, thereby providing a more practical assessment of the key rate for discrete modulation CV-QKD. Simulation results verify the feasibility and practicality of discrete modulation CV-QKD in satellite-based quantum communication systems. Furthermore, the critical factors influencing the key rate performance are identified, and parameter optimization strategies are proposed, providing theoretical support for realizing the future satellite-to-ground discrete modulation CV-QKD.

Keywords:

space channel /
continuous-variable quantum key distribution /
satellite underground links /
discrete modulation

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: DONG Chen, dongchengfkd@163.com

Funds: Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province, China (Grant No. 2024AFB991).

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参数	参考值
光束尺寸 ω₀	20 cm
接收孔径 α_R	0.9 m
探测效率$ {\tau _{{\text{eff}}}} $	0.4
天顶传输效率$ {\tau _{{\text{zen}}}} $	0.90
指向误差$ {\theta _{\text{p}}} $	1 μrad

DownLoad: CSV

参数	参考值
波长 λ	1550 nm
调制幅度 α	0.6
后处理值 Δ	0
过量噪声 $ {\xi _{{\text{tot}}}} $	0.01
光子截止数 N_c	12

DownLoad: CSV

参数	参考值
制备方差V	4
电子噪声$ {\xi _{{\text{el}}}} $	0.1
反向调和效率β	0.95
过量噪声$ \xi $	0.02

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