//www.getgobooth.com/ 必威体育下载 daily 15 2024-08-20 10:33:37 apsoffice@iphy.ac.cn apsoffice@iphy.ac.cn 2024-08-20 10:33:37 zh Copyright ©Acta Physica Sinica All Rights Reserved. 京ICP备05002789号-1 Address: PostCode：100190 Phone: 010-82649829，82649241,82649863 Email: apsoffice@iphy.ac.cn Copyright ©Acta Physica Sinica All Rights Reserved apsoffice@iphy.ac.cn 1000-3290 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.177 Author(s): Lü XIAN-QING <br/><p>By applying the theory and method of singular perturbations, we investigate the travelling wave solution of the KdVB equation under the assumption v2?4μ. We get the explicit expression of the travelling wave solution up to the third order atfirst. Then, we obtain the general asymptotic expansion: u=u(0)+εu(1)+ε1u(2)+…+εnu(n)+… and prove that u(j)(j=1,2,…,n,…) are bounded functions.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 177-181. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): Lü XIAN-QING <br/><p>By applying the theory and method of singular perturbations, we investigate the travelling wave solution of the KdVB equation under the assumption v2?4μ. We get the explicit expression of the travelling wave solution up to the third order atfirst. Then, we obtain the general asymptotic expansion: u=u(0)+εu(1)+ε1u(2)+…+εnu(n)+… and prove that u(j)(j=1,2,…,n,…) are bounded functions.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 177-181. Published 1992-01-05 AN ASYMPTOTIC ANALYSIS OF THE TRAVELLING WAVE SOLUTION OF THE KdV BURGERS EQUATION Lü XIAN-QING 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 177-181. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.177 10.7498/aps.41.177 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.177 177-181 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.182 Author(s): LOU SEN-YUE, RUAN HANG-YU <br/><p>In this paper, by using the Miura's method, we study the infinite conservation laws of the variable coefficient KdV and MKdV equations with three arbitrary functions of t. The result points out that the conserved densities which have the structures completely similar to the con-stat coefficient KdV and MKdV equations depend only on one arbitrary function. The other two arbitrary functions are contained only in the corresponding fluxes.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 182-187. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): LOU SEN-YUE, RUAN HANG-YU <br/><p>In this paper, by using the Miura's method, we study the infinite conservation laws of the variable coefficient KdV and MKdV equations with three arbitrary functions of t. The result points out that the conserved densities which have the structures completely similar to the con-stat coefficient KdV and MKdV equations depend only on one arbitrary function. The other two arbitrary functions are contained only in the corresponding fluxes.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 182-187. Published 1992-01-05 CONSERVATION LAWS OF THE VARIABLE COEFFICIENT KdV AND MKdV EQUATIONS LOU SEN-YUE, RUAN HANG-YU 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 182-187. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.182 10.7498/aps.41.182 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.182 182-187 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.188 Author(s): DAI XIAN-XIN, ZHAO ZHENG <br/><p>The back reaction in Vaidya-Schwarzschild-deSitter spacetime is discussed. It influences location and temperature of both the black-hole event horizon and the cosmological one.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 188-192. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): DAI XIAN-XIN, ZHAO ZHENG <br/><p>The back reaction in Vaidya-Schwarzschild-deSitter spacetime is discussed. It influences location and temperature of both the black-hole event horizon and the cosmological one.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 188-192. Published 1992-01-05 BACK REACTION IN VAIDYA-SCHWARZSCHILD-DE SITTER SPACE-TIME DAI XIAN-XIN, ZHAO ZHENG 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 188-192. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.188 10.7498/aps.41.188 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.188 188-192 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.193 Author(s): PENG JIAN-HUA, XI YING, TIAN XIAO-JIAN <br/><p>A numerical investigation has been carried out on a RLC series connection which is a two-terminal active network system with nonlinear negative resistance. It is found that within various parameter regions, a sequence of period doubling bifurcations, an inverse sequence of chaotic bands and an intermittant chaos phenomena appeared respectively. These results agree with our experimental ones very well.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 193-200. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): PENG JIAN-HUA, XI YING, TIAN XIAO-JIAN <br/><p>A numerical investigation has been carried out on a RLC series connection which is a two-terminal active network system with nonlinear negative resistance. It is found that within various parameter regions, a sequence of period doubling bifurcations, an inverse sequence of chaotic bands and an intermittant chaos phenomena appeared respectively. These results agree with our experimental ones very well.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 193-200. Published 1992-01-05 DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF A TWO-TERMINAL ACTIVE NETWORK SYSTEM WITH NONLINEAR NEGATIVE RESISTANCE PENG JIAN-HUA, XI YING, TIAN XIAO-JIAN 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 193-200. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.193 10.7498/aps.41.193 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.193 193-200 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.201 Author(s): HOU BO-YU, SHI KANG-JIE, YANG ZHONG-XIA, YUE RUI-HONG <br/><p>We discuss the XXZ spin chain with certain boundary term and the representation of quantum group SUq(2). It is shown that Bethe Ansatz states are highest weight states of SUq(2), with q arbitrary We construct the irreducible representation of the quantum group. For q a rational root of unity, we show that there are new solutions to the BA equations, We derived the state vectors | b′&lt; by taking certain limit, from which we construct the type I and type Ⅱ representations of SUq(2).</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 201-212. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): HOU BO-YU, SHI KANG-JIE, YANG ZHONG-XIA, YUE RUI-HONG <br/><p>We discuss the XXZ spin chain with certain boundary term and the representation of quantum group SUq(2). It is shown that Bethe Ansatz states are highest weight states of SUq(2), with q arbitrary We construct the irreducible representation of the quantum group. For q a rational root of unity, we show that there are new solutions to the BA equations, We derived the state vectors | b′&lt; by taking certain limit, from which we construct the type I and type Ⅱ representations of SUq(2).</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 201-212. Published 1992-01-05 INTEGRABLE QUANTUM CHAIN AND THE REPRESENTATION OF QUANTUM GROUP SUq(2) HOU BO-YU, SHI KANG-JIE, YANG ZHONG-XIA, YUE RUI-HONG 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 201-212. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.201 10.7498/aps.41.201 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.201 201-212 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.213 Author(s): FU RONG-TANG, SUN XIN <br/><p>Ab initio study has been used to explore the problem if the Peierls instability in hydrogen chain presents or not. With a Gaussian-type-orbital basis set and periodicity of hydrogen chain, we construct a complete set of orthogonal and normalized wave functions in view of the second-neighbor approximation. Starting from the restricted Hartree-Fock scheme, we diagnoalize the Fock matrix analytically and calculate the LCAO-MO-SCF solutions. The dependence of the total energy on dimerization is analyzed, it is shown that the ground state of metal hydrogen chain is unstable, and that obvious dimerization may occur in infinite hydrogen chain. The Per erls instability presents in this system nevertheless.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 213-220. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): FU RONG-TANG, SUN XIN <br/><p>Ab initio study has been used to explore the problem if the Peierls instability in hydrogen chain presents or not. With a Gaussian-type-orbital basis set and periodicity of hydrogen chain, we construct a complete set of orthogonal and normalized wave functions in view of the second-neighbor approximation. Starting from the restricted Hartree-Fock scheme, we diagnoalize the Fock matrix analytically and calculate the LCAO-MO-SCF solutions. The dependence of the total energy on dimerization is analyzed, it is shown that the ground state of metal hydrogen chain is unstable, and that obvious dimerization may occur in infinite hydrogen chain. The Per erls instability presents in this system nevertheless.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 213-220. Published 1992-01-05 PEIERLS MECHANISM OF HYDROGEN CHAIN (Ⅰ)——THE DIMERIZATION OF THE HARTREE-FOCK SOLUTIONS FU RONG-TANG, SUN XIN 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 213-220. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.213 10.7498/aps.41.213 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.213 213-220 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.221 Author(s): FU RONG-TANG, SUN XIN <br/><p>We use the correlated basis functions method to explore the problem of the Pe-ierls instability due to the electron correlation in hydrogen chain. Our thory shows that the bond alternation is reduced from 0.37 (au) to 0.32 (au) by the electron correlation, but the Peierls instability survives under the electron-electron interaction.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 221-227. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): FU RONG-TANG, SUN XIN <br/><p>We use the correlated basis functions method to explore the problem of the Pe-ierls instability due to the electron correlation in hydrogen chain. Our thory shows that the bond alternation is reduced from 0.37 (au) to 0.32 (au) by the electron correlation, but the Peierls instability survives under the electron-electron interaction.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 221-227. Published 1992-01-05 PEIERLS MECHANISM OF HYDROGEN CHAIN (Ⅱ)——THE DEPENDENCE OF THE PEIERLS INSTABILITY ON THE ELECTRON CORRELATION FU RONG-TANG, SUN XIN 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 221-227. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.221 10.7498/aps.41.221 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.221 221-227 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.228 Author(s): PAN GUANG-YAN, YANG FENG, LI DA-WAN, LU ZHAN-WEN, ZHANG WEN, XU QIAN, LIU HUI-PING, ZHAO MENG-CHUN <br/><p>The excitation processes in collisions between N6+ and He have been investigated by using the ECR ion source and the LHT-30 VUV Monochromator. The emission spectra shows that there are three channels of excitation in the N6+ and He collision system: (1) Single-electron capture into excited states. (2) Double-electron capture into excited states. (3) Direct excitation of indicident ions.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 228-232. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): PAN GUANG-YAN, YANG FENG, LI DA-WAN, LU ZHAN-WEN, ZHANG WEN, XU QIAN, LIU HUI-PING, ZHAO MENG-CHUN <br/><p>The excitation processes in collisions between N6+ and He have been investigated by using the ECR ion source and the LHT-30 VUV Monochromator. The emission spectra shows that there are three channels of excitation in the N6+ and He collision system: (1) Single-electron capture into excited states. (2) Double-electron capture into excited states. (3) Direct excitation of indicident ions.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 228-232. Published 1992-01-05 HIGHLY CHARGED ION N6+ COLLISIONS WITH ATOM He INTO EXCITED STATES PAN GUANG-YAN, YANG FENG, LI DA-WAN, LU ZHAN-WEN, ZHANG WEN, XU QIAN, LIU HUI-PING, ZHAO MENG-CHUN 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 228-232. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.228 10.7498/aps.41.228 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.228 228-232 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.233 Author(s): Qian Qing, Liu Qiang, Xu Xiang-dong, Tian Jia-he, Chen Xue-jun <br/><p>The multiple-scattering expansion for (e, 2e) collisions in H-atoms is extended to the case of complex atoms.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 233-237. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): Qian Qing, Liu Qiang, Xu Xiang-dong, Tian Jia-he, Chen Xue-jun <br/><p>The multiple-scattering expansion for (e, 2e) collisions in H-atoms is extended to the case of complex atoms.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 233-237. Published 1992-01-05 THEORY OF (e, 2e) COLLISIONS IN COMPLEX ATOMS Qian Qing, Liu Qiang, Xu Xiang-dong, Tian Jia-he, Chen Xue-jun 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 233-237. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.233 10.7498/aps.41.233 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.233 233-237 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.238 Author(s): YAO KUN, XU GUANG-YU, GUO GUANG-CAN, PENG HU, ZHOU PEI-LING <br/><p>In this paper we derive the time-space correlation funotion of dynamic speckles produced by double light beams. An experiment using photon correlation method is performed, the result accords well with the expectation of the present theory.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 238-243. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): YAO KUN, XU GUANG-YU, GUO GUANG-CAN, PENG HU, ZHOU PEI-LING <br/><p>In this paper we derive the time-space correlation funotion of dynamic speckles produced by double light beams. An experiment using photon correlation method is performed, the result accords well with the expectation of the present theory.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 238-243. Published 1992-01-05 DYNAMIC LASER SPECKLES PRODUCED BY DOUBLE LIGHT BEAMS YAO KUN, XU GUANG-YU, GUO GUANG-CAN, PENG HU, ZHOU PEI-LING 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 238-243. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.238 10.7498/aps.41.238 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.238 238-243 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.244 Author(s): CHEN LU-JUN, LIANG CHANG-HONG, WU HONG-SHI <br/><p>The governing equations and boundary conditions for reflection and transmission of picosecond soliton at the interface between two media in optical fiber is developed by radial mode averaging method with slowly varing envelope and quasi-monochromatic approximations. The proccess of reflection and transmission is numerically simulated by using beam-propagating method and some numerical examples are given.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 244-252. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): CHEN LU-JUN, LIANG CHANG-HONG, WU HONG-SHI <br/><p>The governing equations and boundary conditions for reflection and transmission of picosecond soliton at the interface between two media in optical fiber is developed by radial mode averaging method with slowly varing envelope and quasi-monochromatic approximations. The proccess of reflection and transmission is numerically simulated by using beam-propagating method and some numerical examples are given.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 244-252. Published 1992-01-05 REFLECTION AND TRANSMISSION OF PICOSECOND SOLI-TON AT INTERFACE SEPARATING TWO MEDIA IN OPTICAL FIBER CHEN LU-JUN, LIANG CHANG-HONG, WU HONG-SHI 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 244-252. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.244 10.7498/aps.41.244 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.244 244-252 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.253 Author(s): MA JIN-XIU, SHENG ZHENG-MING, XU ZHI-ZHAN <br/><p>Using a simple model, it is shown that because of the relativistic electron-mass variation, the mode-converted electrostatic electric field exhibits hysteresis in the vicinity of critical layer. This hysteretic effect is to increase the resonance absorption of obliquely incident p-pola-rized light in a way by increasing the large amplitude region of the electrostatic field. When the threshold light intensity for the occurance of hysteresis is exceeded, the fractional absorption increases drastically above the linear results.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 253-259. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): MA JIN-XIU, SHENG ZHENG-MING, XU ZHI-ZHAN <br/><p>Using a simple model, it is shown that because of the relativistic electron-mass variation, the mode-converted electrostatic electric field exhibits hysteresis in the vicinity of critical layer. This hysteretic effect is to increase the resonance absorption of obliquely incident p-pola-rized light in a way by increasing the large amplitude region of the electrostatic field. When the threshold light intensity for the occurance of hysteresis is exceeded, the fractional absorption increases drastically above the linear results.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 253-259. Published 1992-01-05 EFFECT OF RELATIVISTIC HYSTERESIS ON RESONANCE ABSORPTION MA JIN-XIU, SHENG ZHENG-MING, XU ZHI-ZHAN 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 253-259. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.253 10.7498/aps.41.253 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.253 253-259 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.260 Author(s): WU YING, YANG XIAO-XUE <br/><p>In this paper, the theory of degenerate and nearly degenerate four wave mixing in plasmas in reflection geometry is investigate. The universal set of four wave nonlinear coupled equations is obtained and its exact solution appropriate for arbitrary nonlinear coupling parameter is found.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 260-266. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): WU YING, YANG XIAO-XUE <br/><p>In this paper, the theory of degenerate and nearly degenerate four wave mixing in plasmas in reflection geometry is investigate. The universal set of four wave nonlinear coupled equations is obtained and its exact solution appropriate for arbitrary nonlinear coupling parameter is found.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 260-266. Published 1992-01-05 THEORY OF DEGENERATE AND NEARLY DEGENERATE FOUR-WAVE MIXING IN PLASMAS——IN THE CASE OF REFLECTION GRATING CONFIGURATION WU YING, YANG XIAO-XUE 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 260-266. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.260 10.7498/aps.41.260 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.260 260-266 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.267 Author(s): YANG PING <br/><p>X-ray diffraction from uniformly bent Si crystal has been studied. The experimental integrated diffraction intensity rises monotonically with the strain in the crystal, this coincides with the theory. The visibility of Pendell?sung fringes becomes poorer as the strain goes up, this reflects the increse of intensity difference between the wave fields and variation of the trace of the wave fields in the crystal.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 267-271. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): YANG PING <br/><p>X-ray diffraction from uniformly bent Si crystal has been studied. The experimental integrated diffraction intensity rises monotonically with the strain in the crystal, this coincides with the theory. The visibility of Pendell?sung fringes becomes poorer as the strain goes up, this reflects the increse of intensity difference between the wave fields and variation of the trace of the wave fields in the crystal.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 267-271. Published 1992-01-05 BEHAVIOUR OF X-RAY DIFFRACTION FROM UNIFORMLY BENT Si CRYSTAL YANG PING 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 267-271. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.267 10.7498/aps.41.267 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.267 267-271 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.272 Author(s): ZHAO QING-LAN, HUANG YI-SEN, TANG DING-YUAN <br/><p>Dislocations in a new non-linear crystal, Lithium Boric Oxide(LBO), have been observed and identified by X-ray diffraction topography. The structural factor which plays important role on dislocations formation, the lattice expansion and twinned growth is given.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 272-275. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): ZHAO QING-LAN, HUANG YI-SEN, TANG DING-YUAN <br/><p>Dislocations in a new non-linear crystal, Lithium Boric Oxide(LBO), have been observed and identified by X-ray diffraction topography. The structural factor which plays important role on dislocations formation, the lattice expansion and twinned growth is given.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 272-275. Published 1992-01-05 STUDY ON DISLOCATIONS IN LITHIUM BORIC OXIDE (LBO) CRYSTAL ZHAO QING-LAN, HUANG YI-SEN, TANG DING-YUAN 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 272-275. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.272 10.7498/aps.41.272 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.272 272-275 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.276 Author(s): WANG TIAN-MIN, WANG WEI-JIE, HAN PEI-GANG, HUANG LIANG-FU, LUO CHONG-TAI <br/><p>Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films, prepared by dual-ion beam sputtering method on glass substrate, were irradiated by high energy hydrogen ions(H+) under different combinations of ion energy and irradiation dose. Raman spectroscopy, infra-red transmittance spectroscopy, electrical resistivity measurement and adhesive force determination were used to characterize the as-deposited and the irradiated films. The results showed that, comparing with that of as-deposited ones, the properties and structures of irradiated films were changed obviously: the infra-red transmittance in the range of 1450 to 6000 cm-1 was increased; the electrical resistivity had nearly no large change. The relative ratios of sp2 C-H bond to sp3 C-H bond and sp3 C-C bond to sp2 C-C bond were also increased, while the component of sp3 C-C bond and sp2 C-C bond was decreased because of H+ irradiation. On the basis of the above results., the relations between properties and structures for irradiation On the basis of the above results, the relations between properties and structures for irradiated films were discussed in detail between properties and structures for irradiated films were discussed in detail. It is concluded It is concluded that the H+ irradiation effect on DLC films is different from that of Cc or other heavier ions. The main role of H+ on the films is the teching effect on weaker bonds. We believe that it is possible to improve the properties of DLC films by means of high energy H+ irradiation.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 276-281. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): WANG TIAN-MIN, WANG WEI-JIE, HAN PEI-GANG, HUANG LIANG-FU, LUO CHONG-TAI <br/><p>Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films, prepared by dual-ion beam sputtering method on glass substrate, were irradiated by high energy hydrogen ions(H+) under different combinations of ion energy and irradiation dose. Raman spectroscopy, infra-red transmittance spectroscopy, electrical resistivity measurement and adhesive force determination were used to characterize the as-deposited and the irradiated films. The results showed that, comparing with that of as-deposited ones, the properties and structures of irradiated films were changed obviously: the infra-red transmittance in the range of 1450 to 6000 cm-1 was increased; the electrical resistivity had nearly no large change. The relative ratios of sp2 C-H bond to sp3 C-H bond and sp3 C-C bond to sp2 C-C bond were also increased, while the component of sp3 C-C bond and sp2 C-C bond was decreased because of H+ irradiation. On the basis of the above results., the relations between properties and structures for irradiation On the basis of the above results, the relations between properties and structures for irradiated films were discussed in detail between properties and structures for irradiated films were discussed in detail. It is concluded It is concluded that the H+ irradiation effect on DLC films is different from that of Cc or other heavier ions. The main role of H+ on the films is the teching effect on weaker bonds. We believe that it is possible to improve the properties of DLC films by means of high energy H+ irradiation.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 276-281. Published 1992-01-05 PRIMARY STUDY ON THE IRRADIATION EFFECT OF HYDROGEN IONS ON DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON FILMS WANG TIAN-MIN, WANG WEI-JIE, HAN PEI-GANG, HUANG LIANG-FU, LUO CHONG-TAI 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 276-281. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.276 10.7498/aps.41.276 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.276 276-281 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.282 Author(s): WU DlNG-XIANG <br/><p>The method to produce diffraction gratings by H2O2-H2SO4 photo-accelerated etching on the surface of n-GaAs and measuring of light emission by surface pla smon polariton from an Ag/n-GaAs Schottky barrier diode are discussed in this paper.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 282-287. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): WU DlNG-XIANG <br/><p>The method to produce diffraction gratings by H2O2-H2SO4 photo-accelerated etching on the surface of n-GaAs and measuring of light emission by surface pla smon polariton from an Ag/n-GaAs Schottky barrier diode are discussed in this paper.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 282-287. Published 1992-01-05 FORMATION OF HOLOGRAPHIC DIFFRACTION GRATINGS ON THE SURFACE OF A n-TYPE Ga As AND MEASURING OF LIGHT EMISSION BY SURFACE PLASMON POLARITON WU DlNG-XIANG 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 282-287. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.282 10.7498/aps.41.282 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.282 282-287 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.288 Author(s): SHI ZHI-KANG, HUANG CUN-PING <br/><p>In this work, we studied the relationship between heat treatment and space structure of the PdO layer in 2% PdO/AL2O3 by the positrons from 22Na radiative source, and calculated its grain size by the positron annihilation parameters, demonstrating that the free positron annihilation technique for the solid surface layer can be applied to catalyst research.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 288-294. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): SHI ZHI-KANG, HUANG CUN-PING <br/><p>In this work, we studied the relationship between heat treatment and space structure of the PdO layer in 2% PdO/AL2O3 by the positrons from 22Na radiative source, and calculated its grain size by the positron annihilation parameters, demonstrating that the free positron annihilation technique for the solid surface layer can be applied to catalyst research.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 288-294. Published 1992-01-05 A STUDY ON THE 2% PdO/Al2O3 BY MEANS OF FREE POSITRON ANNIHILATION TECHNIQUE IN THE SOLID SURFACE LAYER SHI ZHI-KANG, HUANG CUN-PING 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 288-294. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.288 10.7498/aps.41.288 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.288 288-294 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.295 Author(s): ZHOU RU-HONG, CAO PEI-LIN <br/><p>An ASED-MO method has been applied to investigate the N2 chemisorption on Cr(110) surface. The results show that N2 chemisorbs parallelly on the 4-fold site with N-N axis parallel to [110] direction. Different from the tranditional σ-donation and π weak backbonding concepts, the N2 chemisorption on Cr(110) has both the 3 σg and 1 πμ donations of 0.97 and 0.54 electrons. At the same time, the backbonding to the 1 πg orbital increases to 1.83 electrons. Both these factors make the lying-down orientation being favored over the upright orientation. Furthermore, the N-N bond length strenches 17%, the N-N bond order decreases to below 1, and the dissociation barrier is only about 0.15 eV. All the above calculation results are in good agreement with relevant experiments.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 295-301. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): ZHOU RU-HONG, CAO PEI-LIN <br/><p>An ASED-MO method has been applied to investigate the N2 chemisorption on Cr(110) surface. The results show that N2 chemisorbs parallelly on the 4-fold site with N-N axis parallel to [110] direction. Different from the tranditional σ-donation and π weak backbonding concepts, the N2 chemisorption on Cr(110) has both the 3 σg and 1 πμ donations of 0.97 and 0.54 electrons. At the same time, the backbonding to the 1 πg orbital increases to 1.83 electrons. Both these factors make the lying-down orientation being favored over the upright orientation. Furthermore, the N-N bond length strenches 17%, the N-N bond order decreases to below 1, and the dissociation barrier is only about 0.15 eV. All the above calculation results are in good agreement with relevant experiments.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 295-301. Published 1992-01-05 STRONG CHEMISORPTION AND DISSOCIATION OF N2 ON Cr(110) SURFACES ZHOU RU-HONG, CAO PEI-LIN 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 295-301. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.295 10.7498/aps.41.295 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.295 295-301 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.302 Author(s): WANG YIN-YUE, XU HUAI-ZHE, CHEN GUANG-HUA <br/><p>The thermal stability of a-Si:H/a-Ge:H superlattices was studied using LR and XRD spec tra. It was found that the crystallization temperature of superlattices with small layer thickness is higher than that of bulk a-Ge:H. Results are discussed preliminarily.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 302-305. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): WANG YIN-YUE, XU HUAI-ZHE, CHEN GUANG-HUA <br/><p>The thermal stability of a-Si:H/a-Ge:H superlattices was studied using LR and XRD spec tra. It was found that the crystallization temperature of superlattices with small layer thickness is higher than that of bulk a-Ge:H. Results are discussed preliminarily.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 302-305. Published 1992-01-05 INVESTIGATION ON THERMAL STABILITY OF REACTIVE- SPUTTERING a-Si:H/a-Ge:H SUPERLATTICES WANG YIN-YUE, XU HUAI-ZHE, CHEN GUANG-HUA 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 302-305. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.302 10.7498/aps.41.302 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.302 302-305 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.306 Author(s): OUYANG JI-TING, MAI ZHEN-HONG, CUI SHU-FAN <br/><p>Based on X-ray dynamical theory, the double-crystal diffraction rocking curves for In-GaAs/InP single layer and InGaAs/AlInAs/InP superlattice were calculated for both perfect and rough interfaces. It is shown that the effect of roughness of multilayer interface on the zero-order diffraction peak was not obvious but severe on both the satellite peaks for superlattice and the interference fringes for single layer structure. With the increasing of the interface roughness, the intensities of interference fringes were reduced and disappeared. And for the satellite peaks, their intensities were reduced and the full width at half maximum broadened. Comparing the experimental result with the calculated one, we believe that there still exists an average roughness of about one monoatomic layer at the interface of high quality InGaAs/Al-InAs/InP lattice-match superlattice sample.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 306-310. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): OUYANG JI-TING, MAI ZHEN-HONG, CUI SHU-FAN <br/><p>Based on X-ray dynamical theory, the double-crystal diffraction rocking curves for In-GaAs/InP single layer and InGaAs/AlInAs/InP superlattice were calculated for both perfect and rough interfaces. It is shown that the effect of roughness of multilayer interface on the zero-order diffraction peak was not obvious but severe on both the satellite peaks for superlattice and the interference fringes for single layer structure. With the increasing of the interface roughness, the intensities of interference fringes were reduced and disappeared. And for the satellite peaks, their intensities were reduced and the full width at half maximum broadened. Comparing the experimental result with the calculated one, we believe that there still exists an average roughness of about one monoatomic layer at the interface of high quality InGaAs/Al-InAs/InP lattice-match superlattice sample.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 306-310. Published 1992-01-05 EFFECT OF ROUGHNESS OF MULTILAYER INTERFACE ON THE DOUBLE-CRYSTAL X-RAY DIFFRACTION ROCKING CURVES OUYANG JI-TING, MAI ZHEN-HONG, CUI SHU-FAN 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 306-310. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.306 10.7498/aps.41.306 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.306 306-310 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.311 Author(s): WANG SHUN-XI, WANG YU-GUI, CHEN XIANG-AI, YUAN SONG-LIU, ZHOU XIAN-YI, CAO LIE-ZHAO, ZHANG QI-RUI <br/><p>The a.c. susceptibility of Y-Ba-Cu-O(123) bulk material prepared by melt-textured growth (MTG) method was studied and compared with that of sintered sample in this paper. The results show that there are two peaks in the imaginary part corresponding to the grains and grain boundaries in the sintered sample, but only one peak is observed in that of MTG sample of high quality. As for that of MTG sample of worse quality, also two peaks are observed, but they correspond to grains with different growth direction. No frequency effect is observed in both the sintered sample and the MTG sample, showing that the loss is related to flux motion.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 311-316. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): WANG SHUN-XI, WANG YU-GUI, CHEN XIANG-AI, YUAN SONG-LIU, ZHOU XIAN-YI, CAO LIE-ZHAO, ZHANG QI-RUI <br/><p>The a.c. susceptibility of Y-Ba-Cu-O(123) bulk material prepared by melt-textured growth (MTG) method was studied and compared with that of sintered sample in this paper. The results show that there are two peaks in the imaginary part corresponding to the grains and grain boundaries in the sintered sample, but only one peak is observed in that of MTG sample of high quality. As for that of MTG sample of worse quality, also two peaks are observed, but they correspond to grains with different growth direction. No frequency effect is observed in both the sintered sample and the MTG sample, showing that the loss is related to flux motion.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 311-316. Published 1992-01-05 ALTERNATING CURRENT SUSCEPTIBILITY STUDIES OF Y-Ba-Cu-O (123) BULK MATERIAL PREPARED BY MELT-TEXTURED GROWTH METHOD WANG SHUN-XI, WANG YU-GUI, CHEN XIANG-AI, YUAN SONG-LIU, ZHOU XIAN-YI, CAO LIE-ZHAO, ZHANG QI-RUI 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 311-316. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.311 10.7498/aps.41.311 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.311 311-316 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.317 Author(s): FAN HONG-CHANG, JIN XIN, LU MU, ZHANG YI-TONG, XU XIAO-NONG, YAO XI-XIAN <br/><p>Anisotropic critical current densities of melt textured YBa2Cu3O7-y superconductor were measured using d.c. magnetization measurements. Effcet of demagnetizing field was taken into account. A model appropriate to finite anisorropic samples was adopted and the method proposed recently by Gyorgy et al. was modified. We measured magnetization curves of a rectangular parallelepiped sample in magnetic fields parallel to different edges of the sample and obtained values of three different critical current densities.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 317-322. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): FAN HONG-CHANG, JIN XIN, LU MU, ZHANG YI-TONG, XU XIAO-NONG, YAO XI-XIAN <br/><p>Anisotropic critical current densities of melt textured YBa2Cu3O7-y superconductor were measured using d.c. magnetization measurements. Effcet of demagnetizing field was taken into account. A model appropriate to finite anisorropic samples was adopted and the method proposed recently by Gyorgy et al. was modified. We measured magnetization curves of a rectangular parallelepiped sample in magnetic fields parallel to different edges of the sample and obtained values of three different critical current densities.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 317-322. Published 1992-01-05 MAGNETIZATION MEASUREMENT OF ANISOTROPIC CRITICAL CURRENT DENSITIES IN MELT TEXTURED YBa2Cu3O7-y FAN HONG-CHANG, JIN XIN, LU MU, ZHANG YI-TONG, XU XIAO-NONG, YAO XI-XIAN 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 317-322. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.317 10.7498/aps.41.317 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.317 317-322 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.323 Author(s): LI DING-GUO, ZHENG RUI-LIN, HU LIAN <br/><p>From Zou and Anderson's spinon-bolon effective Hamiltonian, for very large Coulomb repulsion U, we consider the problem of ferromagnetism on the square lattice by studying the fluctuation effect of bosons (holons).</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 323-328. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): LI DING-GUO, ZHENG RUI-LIN, HU LIAN <br/><p>From Zou and Anderson's spinon-bolon effective Hamiltonian, for very large Coulomb repulsion U, we consider the problem of ferromagnetism on the square lattice by studying the fluctuation effect of bosons (holons).</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 323-328. Published 1992-01-05 INVESTIGATION ON FERROMAGNETIC PHASE IN THE 2-DIMENSION LARGE-U HUBBARD MODEL LI DING-GUO, ZHENG RUI-LIN, HU LIAN 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 323-328. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.323 10.7498/aps.41.323 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.323 323-328 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.329 Author(s): HOU BI-HUI, YANG BING-XIN, SHI CHAO-SHU, LIANG REN-YOU, LU XIAO-PU <br/><p>The x-ray and γ-ray radiolytic damage in luminous host material BaCl2 and its recovery have been studied by the electron spin resonance method. It is found that the x-ray radiolytic damage in the sample can be recovered completely under sunlight for only two minutes, but the complete recovery of γ-ray damage is not easy.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 329-332. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): HOU BI-HUI, YANG BING-XIN, SHI CHAO-SHU, LIANG REN-YOU, LU XIAO-PU <br/><p>The x-ray and γ-ray radiolytic damage in luminous host material BaCl2 and its recovery have been studied by the electron spin resonance method. It is found that the x-ray radiolytic damage in the sample can be recovered completely under sunlight for only two minutes, but the complete recovery of γ-ray damage is not easy.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 329-332. Published 1992-01-05 ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE STUDY ON RADIOLYTIC DAMAGE IN BaCl2 CRYSTALLITE HOU BI-HUI, YANG BING-XIN, SHI CHAO-SHU, LIANG REN-YOU, LU XIAO-PU 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 329-332. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.329 10.7498/aps.41.329 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.329 329-332 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.333 Author(s): LIU FU-DE, YANG BAI-TUN, TU DE-MIN, LIU YAO-NAN <br/><p>According to first-order capture equation, a kinetic theory for trap creation in solid dielectrics is proposed in this paper. Taking a certain trap density as critical condition of electrical breakdown, it is found that the dielectrical lifetime is proportional to the exponent of electrical strength. Such a theory is consistent with the widely used emperical formula and agrees with experimental results.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 333-341. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): LIU FU-DE, YANG BAI-TUN, TU DE-MIN, LIU YAO-NAN <br/><p>According to first-order capture equation, a kinetic theory for trap creation in solid dielectrics is proposed in this paper. Taking a certain trap density as critical condition of electrical breakdown, it is found that the dielectrical lifetime is proportional to the exponent of electrical strength. Such a theory is consistent with the widely used emperical formula and agrees with experimental results.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 333-341. Published 1992-01-05 A NEW THEORY AND EXPERIMENT ON ELECTRICAL AGING AND BREAKDOWN OF SOLID DIELECTRICS LIU FU-DE, YANG BAI-TUN, TU DE-MIN, LIU YAO-NAN 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 333-341. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.333 10.7498/aps.41.333 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.333 333-341 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.342 Author(s): SHE WEI-LONG, LI QING-XING, YU ZHEN-XIN, GAO ZHAO-LAN, ZHANG QING-LUN, CHEN HUAN-CHU <br/><p>Two laser beams of wave length 632.8nm encouter in Mn doped KNSBN crystal and induce a optical diode. A maximum ratio of 202 for equivalent transmissivity in two directions of the optical diode is obtained at the input powers of 0.876mW and 0.0914mW respectivly and the ratio shows a tendency to increase further.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 342-346. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): SHE WEI-LONG, LI QING-XING, YU ZHEN-XIN, GAO ZHAO-LAN, ZHANG QING-LUN, CHEN HUAN-CHU <br/><p>Two laser beams of wave length 632.8nm encouter in Mn doped KNSBN crystal and induce a optical diode. A maximum ratio of 202 for equivalent transmissivity in two directions of the optical diode is obtained at the input powers of 0.876mW and 0.0914mW respectivly and the ratio shows a tendency to increase further.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 342-346. Published 1992-01-05 OPTICAL DIODE EFFECT INDUCED BY USING TWO LASER BEAMS IN Mn DOPED KNSBN CRYSTAL SHE WEI-LONG, LI QING-XING, YU ZHEN-XIN, GAO ZHAO-LAN, ZHANG QING-LUN, CHEN HUAN-CHU 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 342-346. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.342 10.7498/aps.41.342 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.342 342-346 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.347 Author(s): WAN MEI-XIANG, ZHOU WEI-XIA <br/><p>The ESR single and magnetic properties of free standing film of polyaniline (PANI) have been measured as a function of elongation treatment and the protonation state. The results obtained are compared with its powder. The magnetic properties of free standing film of PANI is similar to its powder, and it varies with transition of insulator to metal after protonation. For elongated free standing film of PANI, on the other hand,both Pauli and Curie spin are higher than that of its powder and the free standing film this may be due to increasing of interaction between uncoupled electrons on quinoid ring at PANI chain.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 347-352. Published 1992-01-05 Author(s): WAN MEI-XIANG, ZHOU WEI-XIA <br/><p>The ESR single and magnetic properties of free standing film of polyaniline (PANI) have been measured as a function of elongation treatment and the protonation state. The results obtained are compared with its powder. The magnetic properties of free standing film of PANI is similar to its powder, and it varies with transition of insulator to metal after protonation. For elongated free standing film of PANI, on the other hand,both Pauli and Curie spin are higher than that of its powder and the free standing film this may be due to increasing of interaction between uncoupled electrons on quinoid ring at PANI chain.</p> <br/>Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 347-352. Published 1992-01-05 STUDIES ON MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF FILM OF POLYANILINE WAN MEI-XIANG, ZHOU WEI-XIA 1992-01-05 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited Acta Physica Sinica. 1992 41(2): 347-352. article doi:10.7498/aps.41.347 10.7498/aps.41.347 Acta Physica Sinica 41 2 1992-01-05 //www.getgobooth.com/en/article/doi/10.7498/aps.41.347 347-352

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