WU Guangning; QIAN Pengyu; LIU Wenji; GAO Guoqiang; LI Hongyan

doi:10.7498/aps.74.20251169

Abstract

The pantograph-catenary system (PCS) serves as the exclusive means of power supply for high-speed trains. As train speeds increase, traction power rises, and operations take place in complex and variable environments, pantograph arcing has become more frequent. This phenomenon is accompanied by changes in physical properties and increased hazards, which seriously threaten the safety of high-speed railways. This paper systematically reviews the recent researches on pantograph arc, and outlines physical characteristics, experimental techniques, and simulation methods. The study focuses on analyzing the effects and mechanisms of operating parameters and environmental conditions on pantograph arc, summarizes prevention strategies, and explores applications such as arc energy utilization. Existing research has sufficiently examined how operational parameters affect arc hazards, yet studies on arc physical properties and evolution mechanisms remain limited, particularly regarding special conditions such as icing. Current protection methods also require adaptation to complex environments to meet the growing demands for arc management. Two future research priorities are proposed: first, clarifying the physical properties of an arc under special environments and establishing the correlation among “environmental conditions, an arc’s physical properties, and its behavior” to enable accurate prediction; second, developing an efficient arc prevention system through the approach of “source suppression, interface protection, and process intervention”. This review aims to provide theoretical and practical guidance for realizing reliable current collection and effective arc control in high-speed railway PCS in China.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: GAO Guoqiang, xnjdggq@163.com

Funds: Project supported by the Innovative Research Group Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province, China (Grant No. 2024NSFTD0009) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2024YFB2606302).

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Cited By

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

模型名称	仿真目标	不足
柯西-梅尔模型^[33]	电弧电压、电流等外部参数	难以描述电弧局部及形态变化对外部参数带来的扰动
磁流体动力学(MHD) 模型^[18]	电弧形态、温度、流场分布等宏观发展特征及物理特性	运算量大, 仿真耗时长, 难以模拟弓网电弧发展全过程
链式电弧模型^[49]	电弧形态、等效受力与发展演化全过程	难以追踪电弧温度、流场的动态变化, 精细程度低于MHD模型
神经网络预测模型^[1,50]	电弧特征参数及危害预测	对训练集数据的质量要求极高

DownLoad: CSV

碳滑板及其材料名称	密度 /(g·cm^–3)	冲击强度 /(kJ·m^–2)	电阻率 /(μΩ·m)
RMPCS^[87]	3.85	7.1	9.5
PyC-Cuf/C^[88]	1.96	5.8	8
C/C-Cu^[27]	2.24	8.6	16.27
C/C-Cuf^[27]	2.13	25	6.3
Cf/Cu/C^[26]	2.08	26.7	1.67
C/Cu^[26]	3.59	13.3	12.6
Cuf/Cf/C-35 (碳纤维含量35%)^[89]	1.92	13.5	8.2
Cuf/Cf/C-40 (碳纤维含量40%)^[89]	1.86	17.9	7.8
Cuf/Cf/C-45 (碳纤维含量45%)^[89]	1.96	22.1	7.5
纯碳滑板^[89]	1.67	8	40

DownLoad: CSV

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Vol. 74, Issue 23 - 2025-12-05

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