Hydrogen energy, as one of the most promising clean and renewable energy sources, has received much attention due to its green production technology. Electrolytic water splitting is regarded as a critical pathway for large-scale green hydrogen production due to its environmentally friendly reaction process, high product purity, and operational simplicity, However, electrocatalysts for water electrolysis commonly face challenges such as high costs and complex synthesis processes, thereby severely hindering the industrial application. Low-temperature plasma (LTP) technology, with its advantages of mild processing conditions, high reactivity, and unique electromagnetic field effects, has demonstrated remarkable potential in the surface modification of materials. This review systematically summarizes the applications of LTP in the preparation and modification of electrocatalytic materials for water splitting, focusing on the mechanism of plasma-induced enhancement in electrocatalytic efficiency. First, the physical characteristics and fundamental principle of typical non-equilibrium low-temperature plasma are elucidated. Subsequently, recent advances in plasma-assisted modification strategies for catalytic materials are categorized and critically discussed, including surface microstructure modulation, surface property regulation and interface optimization. Finally, based on the current limitations in mechanistic understanding and practical applications, future research directions for LTP technology in catalyst design are proposed.
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